Pergamon, Turkey

The crown jewel of the region is the magnificent Pergamon Acropolis, perched dramatically on a high hill. Here you can explore the ruins of the Library of Pergamon, the incredibly steep Hellenistic Theater, the foundations of the famed Altar of Zeus, and the impressive Trajaneum.

A short drive from the Acropolis lies the Asclepion, an ancient medical center dedicated to the god of healing. In the modern town of Bergama below, you can also visit the colossal Red Basilica. A popular shore excursion often includes the scenic Pergamon Teleferik cable car ride up to the Acropolis.

A popular nearby destination is the charming coastal town of Ayvalık, located about a 50-minute drive north of Dikili. Known for its well-preserved Ottoman Greek houses, narrow cobblestone streets, and delicious olive oil, it offers a wonderful contrast to the ancient ruins.

Another option is to explore the modern city of Bergama itself, which lies at the foot of the Acropolis and offers a vibrant market and local Turkish life. For those seeking relaxation, the sandy beaches around Dikili provide a perfect spot to enjoy the Aegean Sea.

Cruise ships call at the port of Dikili, which is about a 30-40 minute drive from the main archaeological sites of Pergamon. The port is located right in the small town of Dikili, but the town itself has limited tourist attractions.

Due to the distance, transportation is essential to reach Pergamon. Most passengers opt for the cruise line's organized shore excursions. Taxis are available, but it's wise to negotiate a round-trip fare beforehand. The port area has basic amenities, but a shuttle is not typically needed to explore the immediate town of Dikili on foot.

The official currency in Turkey is the Turkish Lira (TRY). While some tourist-oriented shops in Bergama may accept Euros or US Dollars, you will get a better rate and have more flexibility using Lira.

ATMs are readily available in the towns of Dikili and Bergama for withdrawing local currency. Credit cards are widely accepted in larger shops, restaurants, and at the entrance to the archaeological sites, but it's always wise to carry some cash for smaller purchases at local markets.

The areas around Pergamon and the port of Dikili are generally considered safe for tourists. As in any popular tourist destination, exercise normal precautions against pickpocketing, especially in crowded areas like the Acropolis site and local markets.

It is advisable to drink bottled water rather than tap water. For visiting the ruins, guided shore excursions are highly recommended as they provide valuable historical context and handle all transportation logistics, making for an efficient and enriching day.

Pergamon experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. The main cruise season from May to October sees average temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F) with abundant sunshine.

Rainfall is minimal during these months. Visitors should pack lightweight clothing, a hat, sunglasses, and plenty of sunscreen. Comfortable, sturdy walking shoes are essential for navigating the uneven terrain of the extensive archaeological sites.

The most convenient way to explore Pergamon from the port of Dikili is through pre-arranged shore excursions. These tours handle all transportation to and from the archaeological sites.

For independent travelers, hiring a taxi for the day is a viable option; be sure to agree on a price for the entire trip before setting off. Public transportation, such as local minibuses (dolmuş), exists between Dikili and Bergama but can be confusing and time-consuming for visitors on a tight schedule. Ride-sharing services are not typically available in this area.

The best shopping can be found in the modern town of Bergama, near the base of the Acropolis. The local bazaar is an excellent place to look for souvenirs and experience local culture.

Popular items include high-quality Turkish carpets and kilims, leather goods, onyx jewelry, and replicas of ancient Pergamon artifacts. The region is also known for its excellent olive oil and related products. Haggling is expected and part of the fun in the bazaar and smaller, independent shops.